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Operating Principle of Turbocharger with Variable Nozzle

The pressure ratio and hence the turbine output can be modified by adjusting the guide blades. The exhaust gas flow becomes more flexible and, at the same time, is accelerated for optimum efficiency.

Actuation of the nozzle occurs via pneumatic or electric actuators.

In this way, the boost pressure can be controlled across the entire operating range, which can be fully utilized for optimizing power output, dynamics, emissions and consumption.

 

Example of turbine characteristics 

Voith Variable-Nozzle (VN) Turbochargers, PDF
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